发行人:杨志忠所长    编辑委员:蔡睿哲教授    主编:林筱文    发行日期:2006.03.01

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最新消息与活动公告

 

   本所「显示光电科技产业研发硕士专班」2006年度季班招生异动~

本所「显示光电科技产业研发硕士专班」原本预定于3中旬举办之招生入学因故延期,拟于2006年4月下旬起发售招生简章,5月中旬接受报名,预定于5举办入学,详细招生信息将于3正式公告,请密切注意光电所网站:http://eoe.ntu.edu.tw/

欢迎本所新学期来访之客座教授:Dr. Ian T. Ferguson~

光电所本学期自三月一日起,特聘知名光电学者Dr. Ian T. Ferguson来校开设「固态照明」之课程。Dr. Ferguson为英国苏格兰圣安德晋大学半导体物理博士,现任教于美国乔治亚理工学院。Professor Ferguson专长为宽能隙材料与氮化镓材料相关组件(含发光、检光及电子组件),尤其着重应用于照明与自旋电子之材料发展,其在光电科技方面的丰富学养必能使同学受益良多,欢迎同学踊跃选修该课程。

对于Professor Ferguson个人资料有兴趣者,可参见网页:http://www.ece.gatech.edu/faculty/fac_profiles/bio.php?id=34

   本校与奇美电子公司光电产学研究合作正式展开~

本校与台南奇美电子公司光电产学研究合作,第一年计划已自今年一月起展开,全部计划经费共新台币800万元,由本所杨志忠所长担任总计划主持人,参与各项子计划教师包括本所林晃岩、吴志毅、李君浩、黄建璋教授及机械系廖运炫教授,材料系蔡丰羽教授,电机系吴宗霖教授,高分子所林唯芳教授,共八位教师。该项计划将针对显示科技相关课题展开产学合作研究。

 

人物专访

黄升龙教授1986年毕业于台大电机系,服役后,赴马里兰大学攻读电机硕士,并于1993年获得博士学位,专长为以超短脉冲激光量测微波∕毫米波集成电路之高频特性,旋即返国任教于草创之中山大学光电所,主要研究方向是在激光、非线性光学及其应用,曾开发出如小姆指一个指节大小的高效率固态绿光激光,获得国科会召开记者会公开发表,目前已由多家厂商量产成功,甚且获得美国军方之订单,也以此项成果获得教育部所颁发的产学合作奖。近7年来,黄教授致力于开发晶体光纤技术,展示出极宽频的光纤放大器,为光通讯产业现用技术之5倍,目前已申请欧、美、日等7国专利。黄教授在中山大学期间指导了12位博士生,60位硕士生,获得多次各项光电研讨会之优良学生论文奖、国科会硕士论文奖及光通讯产业联盟所颁发的卓越研究奖。来台大任教后,黄教授将以晶体光纤为技术平台,继续开发其在生医、奈米、通讯、激光之前瞻应用。目前黄教授亦是中华民国光学工程学会之理事、IEEE/LEOS台北分会之主席及Optics Letters期刊在光学量测及组件领域之编辑。

谈到光电产业,黄教授认为光电科技已深入我们每一个人的生活,打电话、上网时,主干网络用的是光纤通讯;打计算机、看电视用的液晶屏幕;拍照用的数位相机;储存数据、影片时用的光;印数据时用的激光打印机;看书时用的白光照明;上医院时用的激光手术刀;甚至于洗澡时用的太阳能热水器等等。展望未来,大家祇要问自己,电视屏幕要不要愈来愈大?愈来愈鲜艳?上网要不要愈来愈快?DVD容量要不要愈来愈大?照明设备要不要愈来愈省电?太阳能要不要愈来愈有效被运用?IC要不要愈做愈小,功能愈多?若答案是yes,那未来就会有愈来愈多的优秀青年加入光电的行列,光电产业及研究也自然会愈来愈发光发热。

v 教授对于同学们在学习方面有下列的建议:  

读书是要增长学问,要学也要问,问的愈多、愈深入,也就了解的越透彻,创新也就随之而来。此外,现今科技的发展快速,当年收音机花了38年,才有五千万的使用者,而因特网祇花了5年就达到此数,所以,机会虽然愈来愈多,我们所面临的挑战也愈来愈大。

 

实验室介绍

 

~杨志忠教授实验室简介~

 

           杨志忠教授研究课题: 1. 氮化物奈米结构磊晶生长

                                2. 宽能隙半导体奈米结构之超快与奈米光学研究及材料分析

                                3. 白光发光二极管研制

                                4. 表面电浆波晶体与光子晶体研制

                                5. 生医光电—光学同调断层扫瞄

 

一、以「有机金属气相沉积系统(MOCVD)」从事氮化物奈米结构磊晶生长

采用自威科(VEECO)仪器公司所生产之P75有机金属气相沉积系统(MOCVD)为本实验室一核心实验设备,用以成长高品质氮化物(Nitride)材料。此系统中,主要可分为垂直式生长腔(Vertical Reactor)、气体传送系统(Gas Delivery System)、排气系统(Exhaust System)和可程序化逻辑控制电路(PLC),藉由控制腔体内的温度(Temperature)、流量(Flow rate)、压力(Pressure)和晶圆承载盘转速(Disc rotation speed)来达到最佳化的材料生长条件。相较于一般水平式生长腔(Horizontal reactor)系统,本系统配备的高速承载盘,在高转速(1500rpm-2000rpm)下配合适当的压力和温度,气漩可在磊晶板(Wafer)上方形成稳定和薄的边界层(Boundary layer),藉此生长出高品质的氮化物材料和绝佳接口特性的发光组件。

目前本实验室主要的研究领域为全半导体白光二极管组件生长、氮化铟镓量子点(InGaN quantum dots)及氮化铟(InN),目前商用的白光组件普遍利用短波长蓝、紫光二极管激发荧光粉技术来达到白光,然而此技术不但有能量损失的问题,荧光粉专利更掌握在国外大厂手中,发展全半导体白光源除可免除专利问题外,如能在长晶技术上有所突破,组件效率可超越商用白光光源。成长氮化铟镓量子点为另一重要课题,相较于传统块材(bulk)和量子井(Quantum well)结构,量子点结构具有较高的内部量子效率(Internal quantum efficiency)及窄频谱特性,对于提高组件效率、降低雷射起始电流具有正面助益,未来更可进一步制作成单光子光源(Single photon source)。此外,由近几年的研究显示,氮化铟具有高mobility特性,非常适用于高速组件,有机会成为最高效率相对上廉价的太阳能材料,在此能源议题受重视之际,成长高品质氮化铟材料也成为本实验室的重要研究主题。

 

二、以高分辨率穿透式电子显微术分析半导体奈米结构

我们自行制作试片,然后使用本校材料系提供的100KEV CXII电子显微镜观察试片薄区,并利用离子薄化机将薄区薄化出完整的试片薄区,当试片薄化完成之后,我们会将试片送进于国科会台大贵重仪器中心的场发射枪300kev穿透式电子显微镜,在此300kevTEM仪器里,我们可以观察试片薄区的高解析像,并做Two-Beam Image的拍摄,或是做Spot Size 6nm~8nm左右的EDS分析,高解析像可以拍摄到标准尺2nm的影像,可以清楚的呈现试片材料原子的绕射成像排列,进而观察薄区的奈米结构,而拍摄Two-Beam image照片可以利用SSA影像分析软件处理原子聚集对发光特性的影响,本实验室对于研究量子井的奈米结构与多层量子井层与层之间的长晶成长过程影响有多年的研究成果。目前本实验室研究之对象包括氮化物及氧化锌等奈米结构材料。

 

三、光激荧光(Photolumnescence, PL)量测

主要设备有325nm cw He-Cd激光,二倍频Ti:sapphire超短脉冲激光,四倍频Nd:YAG激光0.5m单光仪,锁相放大器,低温真空系统,电子冷却式CCD侦测器,近紫外光长工作距离物镜,影像监测系统等 。主要研究为分析氮化铟镓材料量子井和发光二极管在不同长晶条件或组件结构差异下的温变光学特性,以提供长晶团队所需的相关技术信息;另外也用于量子井和表面电浆波耦合用以提高量子井内部量子效率相关研究的实验分析。可量测频谱范围涵盖近紫外光到红外光波段(~300nm to ~2mm)。

nano-PL的研究方面,我们在共焦显微架构的光学架构下利用固态浸没透镜和金属光罩微孔径的技术,进一步将micro-PL系统中的激发光点限缩至奈米等级,以提高量测系统的空间解析能力。搭配低温系统,nano-PL主要用于分析氮化铟镓量子点的光学特性和量子井中铟成分之空间变动。

 

四、时域发光研究

我们实验室应用时间解析光谱(Time-resolved spectroscopy)技术研究发光材料的光学特性,研究方向在于探讨发光材料载子动力学包括:电子电洞结合放光所需的时间、电子电洞在结合放光前电子与电子及电子与声子的交互作用,最主要的实验可分为两个部分:

(一)    Time-resolved PhotonluminescenceTRPL

应用飞秒激光Ti:sappire Laser)、streak camera(时间解析为50 ps)及低温系统,进行时间解析光致荧光在室温与变温的实验。利用这套系统我们成功的研究出在InGaN/GaN的多重量子井中,电子与电洞结合放光所需的时间与材料的特性(quantum confined Stark effectIn-rich clusterpiezoelectric filed)有很大的关系;此外,在不同浓度及硅掺杂条件下其发光特性也会有所变化。对于氧化锌(ZnO)薄膜的研究,我们建立了一个四能阶的模型来解释在自由激子、施体激子、双激子以及施体束缚双激子间的载子流动。

(二)    fs Pump-probe spectroscopy

将飞秒激光分成两道同步光源,一为激发光源另一道为探测光源,在两道光源间的时间延迟下探讨载子在发光材料上被激发后的松弛机制(relaxation),其时间解析为两道光源的Cross correlation约为 150 fs。结合TRPL的实验结果,我们成功的建立InGaN/GaN多重量子井的载子动力学机制的研究。此外,我们也建立了一套非简并pump-probe实验系统,成功的研究出在InGaN薄膜中载子在激发后被In-rich cluster捕获所需的时间约为600~700 fs

 

五、白光发光二极管及奈米结构之研制

本实验室从事氮化合物材料物组件研究,利用黄光制程、干式蚀刻技术(ICP-RIE dry etching technique)和高真空蒸镀技术制作氮化合物材料系列之发光二极管,包括蓝光、绿光、黄光及红光发光二极管,涵盖可见光发光波段,见下图。在商业上白光发光二极管系在蓝光发光二极管上涂抹石榴粉,使得石榴粉吸收蓝光,放出黄光,同时,蓝光和黄光混合产生白光,但由于只有两色混合,故有演色性(Color-rending)低的缺点。我们实验室成功制作全半导体白光发光二极管,系利用有机金属气相沉积(MOCVD)成长蓝光、绿光量子井结构发光二极管,利用半导体制程技术制作蓝绿光发光二极管后,在其上涂抹硒化镉材料的奈米晶粒,使硒化镉奈米晶体吸收蓝光后放出红光。另外,我们成功地在蓝光发光材料上制作微米周期孔洞,增加放光表面积,加强蓝光吸收转换成红光量子效应。另外,我们也探讨氮化物在奈米尺寸结构下之物理特性,系利用电子束微影技术和干式蚀刻技术在蓝光氮化铟镓材料上制作出直径为10nm、高度为180nm的奈米柱,利用nano-PL研究其光学特性。目前,本实验室正从事于氮化镓系列光子晶体(Photonic crystal)及表面电浆晶体(Surface plasmonic crystal)研究。

 

 

六、表面电浆波晶体与光子晶体仿真研究

我们也从事光电组件之设计分析与数值模拟的技术发展,目前已建立的电磁模拟技术包括Finite difference time domain methodFDTD)、Plane wave expansion methodPWM)、Moment methodMoM)、Finite difference Frequency domain methodFDFT)与Coupled-wave methodCWM)等适用性高的模拟方法,并且不断改良数值技术与发展运用层面。实验室在光子晶体波导、微共振腔等光电组件仿真设计上已有相当成果,目前正研究Surface Plasmon Resonance现象在光电组件上的运用发展,针对提高InGaN MQW半导体发光效率、metallic photonic band-gap waveguide等新式光电组件进行研究。

 

七、生医光电—光学同调断层扫瞄

本实验室的研究着重在光学同调断层扫描系统的发展,此技术有别于其它扫瞄技术,例如:超音波、核磁共振(MRI)、显微术检测方式,它同时具有高分辨率、高速、以及较深穿透深度等优点,并利用非侵入式的光学扫描重建组织二维或三维结构。实验室的发展重点包含能达到高速扫描的频域光学同调断层扫描(Spectral-domain Optical coherence Tomography, SDOCT)、偏振敏感式光学同调断层扫描(Polarization-sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography, PSOCT)、二倍频光学同调断层扫描(Second Harmonic Optical Coherence Tomography, SHOCT)、高分辨率光学同调断层扫描(High-resolution Optical Coherence Tomography)以及利用多次扫描来达到高分辨率的光学同调断层扫描技术,其中若是生物组织具有双折射的特性便可藉由PSOCT来观察得知,这是一般扫瞄系统无法得到的信息,而SHOCT对于组织结构的对称性具有相当高的敏感性,这两种系统属于观测生物参数的OCT,然而发展这些技术的最终目标就是为了能够直接应用在临床上。另外除了光电技术的发展外,我们已将某些技术实际应用于生物组织量测及临床应用,其中包括眼球、皮肤、脂肪肝以及心血管病变的研究,并配合特殊设计的扫描探头应用于临床口腔癌的早期诊断。

实验设备包含了多套激光光源:一套Cr: Forsterite laser、三套钛蓝宝石激光Ti: sapphire laser)及两套SLD光源:中心波长分别为950nm1300nm,另有光谱仪、光纤接机、一维及二维CCDPZT 致动器、检光器、光电调变器、光学扫描仪、电子滤波器、步进马达、信号产生器、高速数据撷取卡、影像撷取卡、以及示波器等等。

 

所务公告及活动花絮

 

本所一、二月份教师出国动态

姓名 开会日期 事由 会议名称 地点
孙启光

2006.01.08 - 01.11

开会

亚洲超快现象会议

香港

杨志忠

2006.01.23 - 01.27

开会

美西光子学研讨会

美国圣荷西

孙启光

2006.01.21 - 01.26

开会

美西光子学研讨会

美国圣荷西

 

特别报导

 

Prof. Silvano Donati and Mrs. Donati

~临别感言~

When I accepted to come and spend a semester of Visiting Professor at the GIEOE, I got only a vague idea of Taiwan. At that time, I was a professor that, after having worked hard for 20-year to grow up my Group of researchers in Electro-Optics, had suddenly decided that it was time to escape the routine and devote some time in expanding my cultural horizon. More than the US, for me it was the Pacific Rim the best place to go and try to understand what is new in

the world and where the world is going and why. Taiwan, this small island where a population of half the Italian  is packed, holds a leadership position in the high-tech manufacturing of electronic products, and thus it strongly attracted me and my wife Tiziana, an electronic engineer, like me very curious about R&D issues and industrial management.

So, like novel Marco Polo’s, we packed our books and headed to Taipei, where Professor C.C. Yang was offering to me a Visiting position for a semester.

While I was delivering my lessons on Guang-Dien-Yi-Che (Electro-Optical Instrumentation) at the GIEOE of the National Taiwan University, Tiziana sat patiently in the office collecting and organizing her notes for a book she had in mind since a couple of years but had no time to pursue, on RF-ID and Wireless Networks Microsystems.

What a surprise for her, when we drop to the underground the first time, to discover that RF-ID where already in use there, while it is just being planned in Italy!

By the way, the Taipei MRT is really fine, it is probably one of the best we have seen in the world, because fast, clean and cheap.

For me, a nice surprise was getting a class of Master and PhD students, sharp and bright, very interested in my lessons and not losing a word of my lessons despite the language barrier, a barrier that I never realized enough until being confronted with trying to speak Chinese words!

About languages, we appreciated a lot finding English language signs in the road and in the MRT, and we owe congratulations to the municipality of Taipei for that. Also, the effort to teach English as a second language for Taiwanese is very commendable. Nowhere in other Asian Country common people in the road understands English so well. Also, the level of English speaking of students and educated people is really quite high, even better than in many European countries.

Another pleasant discovery we got, early upon our arrival in September, was Confucius Day. Expressing gratitude to the elder scholars who takes care of the education of you or of your children is a sign of great and fine civilization, something that is sadly fading away in Europe on the wave of criticism to establishment and hierarchies. Along the same way, the ‘core values’ signs I saw in the Department are reminders of behavior style that fits very well in a model of society respectful of ‘good moral values’, a pleasant rediscovery for us European used to live with the ‘politically correct’ and its distortions.

Also very appreciated by us was the level of personal safety around the town, as well as the good manners in the behavior of both adults and children. As we have understood after a brief brainstorming, all the above come from the mental attitude of Asian people, because it is an easy consequence of values like ‘have a peaceful mind’ and ‘stay in harmony with the world surrounding you’. And really, as European, we realize how precious these simple words are.

About my teaching, it went on plain and easy, thanks to the aid and the feedback of Cheng-Yen (Robert) Chen, my teaching assistant. He patiently sat at my lessons listening carefully and signaling to me when to slow down, and when to complement the topics covered with a ‘back-to-basic’ excursus. He also planned with me the midterm and the final examination problems, and helped in reviewing and evaluating the exams.

During my classes, while I have not interacted so much with Professor C. C. Yang, the Chairman of the GIEOE, I felt his constant presence, because his Swiss-clock organization of the Institute was the clue for a smoothly running activity.

And also the GIEOE office, with Mr. Wu, Angela, Li-Chi, Karen and Effie were all supportive and wonderful in turning each problem into easy matter. I learned that, during the years, the Institute has grown in number of students and has attracted a lot of new Professors with very high qualification. So I think that I shall heartily thank Professor Yang for the excellent environment he has been able to create around us in the Institute.

Another rising star that I met with great pleasure is Professor Sheng-Lung (Luke) Huang, formerly at the Sun Yat Sen University in Kaoshiung and now with the GIEOE. As a Chairman of the Taiwan IEEE-LEOS Chapter, I met him and had the opportunity to become acquainted with his cutting-edge research on crystal fibers.

Other Professors that I knew at the GIEOE and I had a great pleasure to discuss science with, include Hung-Chun Chang, Guo-Dung Su, Lung-Han Peng, Chi-Kuang Sun, Jiun-Haw Lee and Jui-Che Tsai. Last but not least, the Dean of the EECS College, Prof. Soo-Chang Pei, was proactive in letting me understand similarities and differences of the Taiwan University organization compared to the Italian.

On her side, my wife Tiziana was interested in the techno-economical structure of the many Companies operating in electronic manufacture in Taiwan. A big surprise to us, opening a daily newspaper like the Taipei Times, was to find listed in the bond quotation page, more companies in electronics than we have in Italy! So, she (and me too) tried to analyze the reason of this success. The result, after a period of visits, data collection and interviews, was an article entitled ‘Alta  Tecnologia e Ricerca in Taiwan – il Miracolo Economico’ (High Tech and Research in Taiwan: the Economic Miracle) which is going to appear on the official Magazine of  the Italian Electronic Engineer Association (AEIT). Indeed, the situation in Taiwan today resembles that of Italy after the World War II, when the infrastructures of the country were seriously damaged, but people were eager to reconstruct and restart the economy, which got a so wonderful takeoff to be named ‘il miracolo italiano’ (the Italian Miracle). For Taiwan, the reasons are different but anyway it is the fortunate blend of very-good-management, expertise-and-skill, and low-cost-of-manpower to make the winning recipe which is under the envious eyes of the world.

In the spare time I got also the opportunity of visiting the island, touring from Kenting to Kaoshiung, from Tainan to Sun-Moon Lake and to Hualien. But, also Taipei City is great, starting from the 101 building, a beautiful piece of architecture merging modern style and Chinese flavor, and for sure a bold civil engineering achievement of which Taiwanese can be proud! We also enjoyed the National Palace Museum, with the beautiful jade sculptures and the ancient pots, the Chan Kai Shek Memorial Hall, the Sun Yat Sen gardens, and the central zone around the Convention Center, where if you close your eyes you may feel to be around the Trump tower of Manhattan or the Bonaventura of LAS. I also enjoyed visiting the Confucius Temple and sacral places like the Lunghshan Temple with its involving atmosphere of prayer and faith, not to forget the plenty of small altar sometimes just displaying a Buddha statue, where people come to bow displaying the incense sticks.  And, many more places are worth a snapshot, we have filled 2 CDs with pictures taken in Taipei City!  So, I will recommend my friend a visit, Taiwan is really richly worth the travel.

Food? Of course as a gourmet loves Chinese food and Taiwanese food in particular. Additionally, for a Milanese like me crazy of fish and exotic fruit, Taiwan is a paradise where I can survive with my diet based on oysters, lobsters, guava, mango and passion fruits.

So, in conclusion, we got great time in Taiwan. I got an excellent experience of teaching and knew colleagues that I much appreciate.

So let me conclude saying: Wan She Ru Yi, my dear Taiwanese friends!

Silvano (and Tiziana) Donati

February 18, 2006

 

健康小站

 

觉得累是因为缺乏维生素C的关系吗?

 

有此一说:
我的身体缺乏维生素c,可是我每天都吃很多水果,都没有改善,感觉上身体无法吸收....身体还是非常疲累...

KingNet营养保健咨询科营养师回答
桃园敏盛综合医院健康美学中心 陈正育营养师

并非所有水果的维生素C的含量都很高所以尽可能选用维生素C高的水果

例如番石榴蕃茄橘子柳橙奇异果...等等

此外维生素C是水溶性维生素故较容易流失

再者体内易消耗维生素C尤其是处于紧张状态下越容易消耗维生素C

抽烟烟害亦会破坏维生素C

其实减缓疲劳的维生素不只有维生素C而已还有维生素B群及矿物质钙和镁。

 

本文由【KingNet 国家网络医院】提供

 

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